Direct speech Vs. Indirect speech
Exclamatory
sentences:
Exclamatory Sentence
Rules :
Rules :
·
Change the exclamatory sentence into
statement or Assertive
·
Remove the quotation marks and
exclamatory mark.
·
Use the conjunction ‘that’
·
Omit the interjections such as Oh,
O, Alas, how, what, hurrah.
·
Add the word ‘very’ to the adjective
or adverb if necessary.
·
If the verb is not given, use ‘Be’
form verb (is, was, are, were, am) in its correct tense according to the
subject.
·
Change the reporting verb (say,
said) to ‘exclaim joyfully’
·
Use ‘exclaim’ sorrowfully for
sorrowful incidents.
1. “O,
what a beautiful flower that is!” said she. (D.S.)
She exclaimed joyfully that that was a very beautiful flower. (I.S.)
2. “What a horrible sight!” we all exclaimed. (D.S.)
We all exclaimed that it was a very horrible sight. (I.S.)
3. “Alas! I have broken my brother’s watch” said he.
He exclaimed sorrowfully that he had broken his brothers watch. (I.S.)
4. “How beautiful she is!” said Boon. (D.S.)
Boon exclaimed joyfully that she was very beautiful. (I.S.)
She exclaimed joyfully that that was a very beautiful flower. (I.S.)
2. “What a horrible sight!” we all exclaimed. (D.S.)
We all exclaimed that it was a very horrible sight. (I.S.)
3. “Alas! I have broken my brother’s watch” said he.
He exclaimed sorrowfully that he had broken his brothers watch. (I.S.)
4. “How beautiful she is!” said Boon. (D.S.)
Boon exclaimed joyfully that she was very beautiful. (I.S.)
(a) When
the contents of an exclamatory sentence are reported, the reporting verb or
tell is changed into exclaim, cry out, wish, pray, confess, etc.
(b) The
exclamatory form is changed into the statement form and the mark or exclamation
is replaced by a full stop.
(c) All
interjections, nominatives of address are omitted or sometimes put as the
objects of the reporting verb, but the force of interjection is kept by
suitable adverbs or other expressive words as indicated below:
Hurrah!
or Ha!
|
|
joy
|
Hash!
or Hush!
|
|
attention
|
Alas!
|
|
grief
|
What!
or Oh!
|
|
surprise
|
Bravo!
or Hear!
|
|
approval
|
Pooh!
|
|
contempt
|
Direct
Speech
|
Rosy
said to David, “How wonderfully you sang!”
|
Indirect
Speech
|
Rosy
exclaimed with happiness that David had sung wonderfully.
|
Direct
Speech
|
The
foreigner said, “What a man Obama is!.”
|
Indirect
Speech
|
The
foreigner exclaimed in wonder that Obama was a great man.
|
Direct
Speech
|
John
said, “That I should see you here!”
|
Indirect
Speech
|
John
was surprised to see me there.
|
May you!- blesses /
wished.
|
|
Direct
Speech
|
The
grandmother said, “May you meet with success wherever you go”
|
Indirect
Speech
|
The
grandmother blessed her grandson that he should meet with success wherever he
goes.
|
Don’t / never -
warned or forbade. (when using forbid do not use negatives)
|
|
Direct
Speech
|
Father
said, “Shakshi, don’t play in dirty water!”
|
Indirect
Speech
|
Father
forbade his daughter Sakshi to play in dirty water.
|
O God! - called
upon God with regret / sadness / disappointment
|
|
Direct
Speech
|
The
beggar said, “O God! I have been cheated”.
|
Indirect
Speech
|
The
beggar called upon God with regret that he had been cheated.
|
Direct
: She said, “Alas! He is dead.”
Indirect
: She cried out with sorrow that he was dead.
Direct
: “Hurrah! We have won the match,” shouted the cricket team.
Indirect
: the cricket team shouted with joy that they had won the match.
Direct
: The soldiers said, “Curse on the traitor!”
Indirect
: The soldiers bitterly cursed the traitor.
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