Science vs. God

Science vs. God

I don’t know the topic is correct or not.

Vishal asked, “What is so good about having faith when you don’t have evidence? What is the real advantage to that? Why is this something that we want to encourage?” I knew he repeated Natalie Angier’s (A Pulitzer prize winning science writer for The New York Times) words.

I said to him, “Hai chill up. What happens?”

“I got maths test paper. God is a cheater man. I expected 80 marks out of 100. But I got 2.”

The seriousness ascended up on the air.

“See my paper. Everything I wrote. I did my rough work in separate paper.” Vishal showed his paper which was not corrected, no red pen markings. Before opening my mouth he told, “Yes. On exam day I had submitted my rough work paper. I forgot my main sheet. Yesterday I came to know. Today I got result.”

Even scientists not ready to disprove God and divine power. But we are ready to point out God for our failures. This is against God but a new fashioned different thing. Most people who have thought for themselves have been told that it was wicked to think differently from other people.

Falling apples and boiling kettles caused Newton and Watt to think new different thoughts, and because they thought new thoughts, men came to understand more about the world and to invent things. But they don’t have a brain to think against God. See here a Noble Prize (for physiology or medicine in 1902) winning scientist (Sir Ronald Ross) says:

This day relenting God

Hath placed within my hand

A wondrous thing; and God

Be praised. At His command,

Seeking His secret deeds

With tears and toiling breath,

I find thy cunning seeds*,

O million-murdering Death.

I know this little thing

A myriad men will save.

O Death, where is thy sting?

Thy victory, O Grave?

The Malaria

Malaria Protozoans * (the seeds)

There are two things I must say:

1.    Not Scientist but Science is ready to disprove God. Not Philosophy but Philosophers are not ready to accept new different things.

2.   If you have Hit, Allout, Good night or some other mosquito repellent don’t read the following.

Malaria Protozoans * (the seeds)

A microscopic image shows protozoans of the genus Plasmodium, which invade red blood cells and cause malaria in humans. The protozoans are transmitted through the bite of mosquitoes, primarily in tropical and subtropical areas of the world. Malaria is characterized by chills, fever, and sweats. In some cases it can lead to death.

Sir Ronald Ross

In the late 1890s British physician Ronald Ross conducted experiments that proved malaria was transmitted by mosquitoes. He won the Nobel Prize for physiology or medicine in 1902.

 Malarial Information

        Malaria, debilitating infectious disease characterized by chills, shaking, and periodic bouts of intense fever. Caused by single-celled parasites of the genus Plasmodium, malaria is transmitted from person to person by the bite of female mosquitoes.

        Malaria is an infectious disease caused by a one-celled parasite known as Plasmodium. The parasite is transmitted to humans by the bite of the female Anopheles mosquito. The Plasmodium parasite spends its life cycle partly in humans and partly in mosquitoes. (A) Mosquito infected with the malaria parasite bites human, passing cells called sporozoites into the human’s bloodstream. (B) Sporozoites travel to the liver. Each sporozoite undergoes asexual reproduction, in which its nucleus splits to form two new cells, called merozoites. (C) Merozoites enter the bloodstream and infect red blood cells. (D) In red blood cells, merozoites grow and divide to produce more merozoites, eventually causing the red blood cells to rupture. Some of the newly released merozoites go on to infect other red blood cells. (E) Some merozoites develop into sex cells known as male and female gametocytes. (F) Another mosquito bites the infected human, ingesting the gametocytes. (G) In the mosquito’s stomach, the gametocytes mature. Male and female gametocytes undergo sexual reproduction, uniting to form a zygote. The zygote multiplies to form sporozoites, which travel to the mosquito’s salivary glands. (H) If this mosquito bites another human, the cycle begins again.

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Death of Literature

Death of Literature

“Are you crazy?” Samantha asked.

“I prithee your highness.” Jessica answered.

“Hai, stop talking this nonsense words.”

“Fie, fie. Wherefore thou art not using Shakespearean language?”

“No. Because I want to be expressive.”

“Hark. Mark my words. Anon why we can’t use Shakespearean language?”

“It is dead. No one can understand that. By the way we are going to get our class test marks and corrected papers of Merchant of Venice by Shakespeare.”

“Oofoo…”

We are only writing exams on Shakespearean Literature but we are not using the language.

The following will help you to understand the concept:

A variety of terms distinguish the kinds of languages and vocabularies that exist outside the mainstream of standard, formal language. Here are eight words and phrases that denote specific ideas of language usage.

1.     Argot: An argot is a secret language used by various groups – eg. schoolmates, colleagues.

2.     Colloquial Language: Colloquial Language is informal language that is not rude, but would not be used in formal situations.

3.     Creole: A creole language, or simply a creole, is a stable natural language that has developed from a simplified version of a language. Creoles share more grammatical similarities with each other than with the languages from which they are phylogenetically derived.

4.     Dialect: Dialect is a form of a language that is spoken in a particular area and that uses some of its own words, grammar and vocabulary.

5.     Jargon: Jargon is a language where many special words or expressions used by a profession or group that are difficult for others to understand.

6.     Lingo: Lingo is a language. The special language used for a particular activity or by a particular group of people.

7.     Lingua Franca: A lingua franca is a language often adopted as a common tongue to enable communication between speakers of separate languages.

8.     Slang: A vocabulary of terms employed in a specific subculture is slang.

9.     Vernacular: A vernacular is a native language or dialect, spoken by the ordinary people of a country or a region.

Is it death of language or death of literature?

Several weeks ago (3^rd July, 2014), Johnson (an Economist) discussed his debate with Nicholas Ostler about the lingua franca of the future. Johnson thinks that English has a very long run ahead of it. Mr.Ostler sees English’s time as coming to an end, to be replaced by machine-translation tools that will remove the need for people to learn to speak, read and write a lingua franca. But we agreed that whatever the long run might look like, the next few decades are set. No language has anything like a chance of displacing English.

Take Hindi language for an example. Rig  Veda  is accepted as the starting point of Hindi literature. Rig Veda was written in Sanskrit language. It was later translated into common man’s languages such as Pali, Prakrit and Apabhramsa languages. Sanskrit is accepted as a mother language of Hindi as well as all Indo-European languages. But the question is why the language is not prevalent at present.  This is called death of literature.

This is my idea. If a Vernacular (see box) or a Lingo develops itself and constructs its grammatical rules and becomes a Creole, after a few decades the same Creole will change into a Jargon and slowly becomes a Vernacular. The Vernacular becomes Dialect and starts to count its days.

The literal language becomes so old, affected by old thoughts because of not accepting new ideas, the same literal language becomes unpopular among the people.  The language fails to satisfy the changing needs of the people and prevails only among the elitist class. It becomes shunned by the majority. This is how the sophisticated Creole changes itself into a Dialect. Then the death of the literal language follows.

The empty place of the literal language must be occupied by a popular Vernacular and the Vernacular starts walking tall up to some age. Even though Jesus and his disciples primarily spoke Aramaic, the common language of Judea in the first century AD, the bibles which were written in the languages of Aramaic, Hebrew and Koine Greek are not popular. Lord Gautham Buddha selected Pali language which was a common language of that time to spread his thoughts when the literal language had been Sanskrit. Death of literature causes birth of a new language.

So please answer the texts if your son or daughter (even grandson, granddaughter, son-in-law and daughter-in-law) texts you – “hw r u? shal I nd ma frs r com ter. pls. Lost yer t ws g8 pleasr.” Because it is not an argot but a common language. Be ready our eng lang is in its end of days.

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Direct speech Vs. Indirect speech (step by step)

Direct speech Vs. Indirect speech

step by step

Reported Speech - Statement - Rules

Whatever may be the tense of the Reporting Sentence, if the Reported Sentence tells a universal fact, no change is made in the tense of the Reported Sentence.

Example No. 1:
Direct Speech:
The mother is saying to the child, “The third day of the week is Tuesday.”.
Step 1: The Reported Sentence is: “The third ... .... Tuesday.”
Step 2: It is a Statement and a universal fact.
Step 3: So, the conjunction word is -- “that”.
Step 4: ‘is saying to’ changes into ‘is telling’.
Step 5: No change of pronoun.
Step 6: It is a universal fact. So, no change of tense is necessary.
Step 7: No change of extension.

Now, the Indirect Speech is:
The mother is telling the child that the third day of the week is Tuesday.

Example No. 2:
Direct Speech:
The History teacher says, “Megellan was the first navigator to come around the world.”.
Step 1: The Reported Sentence is: “Megellan ... .... world.”
Step 2: It is a statement.
Step 3: The conjunction word is -- “that”.
Step 4: ‘Says’ does not change. Use it as it is.
Step 5: There are no pronoun to get changed.
Step 6: No change of tense is made.
Step 7: No extensive word to get changed.

Now, the Indirect Speech is:
The History teacher says that Megellan was the first navigator to come around the world.

The following models have been answered for you:

1. The teacher has said to the pupils, “Sea-water is different from the river water.”.
The teacher has told the pupils that sea-water is different from river water.

2. David answered, “The Mines are under the ground”.
David answered that the Mines are under the ground.

3. John said to his brother, “The U.N.O. is a world organisation”.
John told his brother that the U.N.O. is a world organisaiton.

4. The Science teacher told the class, “Ice floats on water.”.
The Science teacher told the class that ice floats on water. 

Here, we do not consider the changes under all the rules separately. We will consider them under two divisions.
You know the two types of Interrogative Sentences:

·         Inverted questions requiring ‘Yes’ or ‘No’ answers -- 1st type.

·         Questions that begin with interrogative words -- 2nd type

At first we shall deal with the First type:

Take an Example No. 1:

Direct Speech: The boy said to the fruit-seller, “Are all these mangoes sweet?”
Step 1: Identify the Reported Sentence.
Step 2: Know what kind of sentence the Reported Sentence is.
Step 3: Look for the correct Conjunction.
(The Conjunction of the First type is “If or Whether”)
Step 4: Change of ‘said to’ -- Since it is an interrogative sentence ‘said to ’ changes into ‘asked’.
Step 5: Look for the change of pronouns.
Step 6: Look for the change of tenses.
The Reported Sentence is in past tense. The Reported Sentences is in present tense. So, the Reported Sentence should be changed into past tense, corresponding to the tense, of the Reporting Sentence.
The verb is ‘are’ -- Its past tense is ‘were’.
Step 7: Look for the change of extension words.
‘These’ changes into ‘those’.

The Indirect Speech is:
The boy asked the fruit-seller if all those mangoes were sweet. 

Example No 2:

Direct Speech : The grandfather said to his grandsons, “Did you not like my story yesterday?”
Step 1: The Reported Sentence is: “Did you ... day?”
Step 2: It is an Interrogative Sentences. It is of the First type.
Step 3: So its conjunction word is: If or Whether.
Step 4: So ‘said to’ changes into ‘asked’.
Step 5: Look for the pronouns.
(i) The first one is: ‘You’ (subject)
‘You’ -- refers to grandsons. They are in the third person plural number.
So the third person of ‘You’ (subject, plural)
It is -- ‘they’. ‘You’ changes into ‘they’.
‘You’ -- grandsons.
‘You’ -- they.
(ii) The next on is ‘My’.
‘My’ -- refers to ‘the grandfather’ -- in the third person.
So, take the third person of ‘My’ - -It is ‘His’.
‘My’ changes into ‘His’.
Step 6: Look for the change of tenses.
Step 7: Extensive word ‘Yesterday’ changes into ‘the day before’. Now, the Indirect Speech is-

The grandfather asked his grandsons if they had not liked his story the day before. 

Direct speech Vs. Indirect speech (Assertive sentences)

Direct speech Vs. Indirect speech

Assertive sentences:

Statement (or) Assertive Sentence
Rules :

·         Remove the quotation marks in the statement

·         Use the conjunction ‘that’

·         Change the reporting verb ‘say to’ into ‘tell’

·         Change the reporting verb ‘said to’ into ‘told’

Note :

·         He said that (correct)

·         He told me that (correct)

·         He told that (Incorrect)

When the reporting verb is in the present or future tense there is no change in the tense of the reported clause:

Direct Speech	Simi says, “I like kids”.
Indirect Speech	Simi says that she likes kids.

When the reporting verb is in the past tense the verb of the reported clause is changed into the corresponding past tense:

Direct Speech	Ramsy said, “I have a habit of reading before I go to bed”.
Indirect Speech	Ramsy said that she had a habit of reading before she went to bed.
Direct Speech	Gagan said, “I have written a novel”.
Indirect Speech	Gagan said that he had written a novel.

Present Progressive used as a future form becomes would be + present participle, not Past Progressive:

Direct Speech	She said, “I am seeing the dentist next week”.
Indirect Speech	She said that she would be seeing the dentist the following week.

 Simple Past / past Progressive in adverb clauses of time do not usually change into the corresponding past tense:

Direct Speech	She said, “When I lived / was living in a village I faced a lot of hardships”.
Indirect Speech	She said that when she lived / was living in a village she faced a lot of hardships. (Don’t use had lived / had been living)

Unreal past tense (subjunctive mood) after wish / it is time remains unchanged:

Direct Speech	She said, “I wish I were an angel.”
Indirect Speech	She said that she wished she were an angel. (Don’t use had been)

Would rather / would sooner / had better remains unchanged:

Direct Speech	He said, “I would rather starve than beg.”
Indirect Speech	He said that he would rather starve than beg.

Verbs used in clauses expressing improbable or impossible condition remain unchanged:

Direct Speech	He said, “If won the election I would become a minister.”
Indirect Speech	He said that if he won the election he would become a minister.

When the direct speech expresses universal truth (fundamental truths of science) saying / proverbs / habitual action, the tense does not change:

Direct Speech	He said, “Habit is a second nature.”
Indirect Speech	He said that habit is a second nature.

A noun / pronoun in the vocative case is made the object of a reporting verb should be left out:

Likewise a comment clause (parenthesis) is left out

you see, as you know, to tell you frankly etc.

Words of expressions used just to introduce a sentence are left out:

Well, very well, now, so etc.

Likewise a comment clause (parenthesis) is left out

The teacher asked the children to listen to him. (now left out)

A statement employing all the techniques:

Well, very well, now, so etc.

Likewise a comment clause (parenthesis) is left out

Sentence with the same concept should be joined with ‘and’ but when there is a contract use ‘but’

Direct Speech	My neighbour said, “My guests arrived last evening. They are staying with us today. They will be leaving early tomorrow morning.”
Indirect Speech	My neighbour told me that her guests had arrived the previous evening and they were staying with them that day but they would be leaving early the following morning.